What targeted keto actually is
Targeted keto, usually shortened to TKD, is the gentlest way to bring carbohydrate back into a ketogenic diet. The idea is narrow on purpose. You eat standard keto all day (low net carbs, protein set from lean body mass, fat filling the rest) and add one small dose of fast-digesting carbs shortly before training. Nothing else changes. The carbs are not a cheat meal and not a refeed. They are a precise tool aimed at one job: giving working muscle a little glucose for the session ahead.
This is why this calculator keeps the two pieces separate. Your everyday base is plain standard keto, and the pre-workout dose sits on top of it on training days only. A blended approach that folds the workout carbs into a single higher daily carb number would double-count those carbs: once in the raised daily allowance and again as a pre-workout dose. By splitting them, you get one everyday target and a clear add-on for the days you train.
Who TKD is for, and who should skip it
Be honest with yourself here, because TKD only earns its place if you actually train hard enough to use the carbs. The protocol is built for moderate-to-high-intensity work: resistance training taken close to failure, sprints and intervals, CrossFit-style sessions, or competitive sport. Those efforts lean on stored glycogen and on glucose in the blood, and a small pre-workout dose can help you push a little harder or hold output deeper into a session.
If you are sedentary, walking for exercise, or doing easy low-intensity cardio, TKD does nothing for you. Low-intensity movement runs almost entirely on fat, which is exactly what a fat-adapted body already supplies in abundance. Adding carbs you do not need just nudges you out of ketosis for no benefit and adds calories you did not plan for. Beginners in their first few weeks of keto are usually better served by plain standard keto too, because the priority then is becoming fat-adapted, not fine-tuning workout fuel. There is no shame in not needing TKD. For most people, most of the time, standard keto is enough.
The pre-workout dose: how much, when, and what
The usual TKD dose is 15 to 30 grams of fast-digesting carbohydrate. Within that range, this calculator suggests a starting dose of about 0.3 grams per kilogram of bodyweight, because a 200-pound lifter has more muscle to fuel than a 130-pound one. That per-kilogram figure is a convention this site uses to pick a starting point, not a researched standard. Go up within the range for a long, hard session or down for a short one. Treat these as ranges from the standard protocol, not exact prescriptions; tolerance varies from person to person, and the right dose is the smallest one that lets you train well.
Timing is the part people get wrong most often. Eat the carbs about 30 minutes before you start, so the glucose is reaching your bloodstream as you begin to work. The source matters just as much as the timing. You want fast-digesting carbs with little fat and little fiber: glucose or dextrose tablets, a half banana, a small portion of white rice, or a measured spoon of honey. Fat and fiber slow digestion, which defeats the purpose, and sugar alcohols can leave you with stomach trouble mid-session. Keep it simple, keep it quick, and keep it small.
Why a few timed carbs do not wreck ketosis
This is the mechanism that makes TKD work. When you exercise, your muscles can take up glucose from the blood through a pathway that does not lean heavily on insulin, the hormone that normally shuts down fat-burning. So carbs eaten right before training are pulled into working muscle and burned for that session rather than spiking insulin across your whole body and refilling glycogen everywhere. Because the dose is small and used quickly during the workout, many people are back in ketosis within a few hours. That is the reasoning behind the protocol; direct research on TKD is limited, so checking your own ketones is the best guide.
The two conditions are right there in the name of the protocol: targeted. The carbs have to be small, and they have to be timed to the window when your muscles are actively pulling fuel. Eat a large dose, or eat carbs at a random point in the day when you are not about to train, and you get the same blood-sugar and insulin response as any other carb load, which will knock you out of ketosis. TKD is a scalpel, not a license to eat carbs.
Running it day to day, and where to go next
In practice TKD is simple to run. Your everyday target is standard keto, and on days you do not train that is all you eat. On training days you eat that same base and add the pre-workout dose around your session, so your net carbs for the day are your base carbs plus the dose. You add the carbs, you do not subtract them from your base, because the base is what fuels the rest of your day. Keep protein steady throughout. Most people leave fat unchanged and simply accept the small calorie bump on training days, though a tight cut might trim a little fat on heavy days to balance it.
If your training is heavy enough that a small pre-workout dose is not enough to support it, you may be looking at cyclical keto instead, which runs 5 to 6 keto days and 1 to 2 carb-up days a week to reload glycogen. To see how the variants stack up, the Keto Types guide lays them out side by side, and the Keto Macro Calculator gives you full daily macros for any of them. TKD sits at the light end of that spectrum: the least disruptive way to keep training quality high without leaving keto behind.